Dissolution is the process by which a solute forms a solution in a solvent. The solute, in the case of solids, has its crystalline structure disintegrated as separate ions, atoms, and molecules form. For liquids and gases, the molecules must be adaptable with those of the solvent for a solution to form. The outcome of the process of dissolution (the amount dissolved at equilibrium.
In coffee terms, dissolution occurs when coffee solids and properties from the coffee bean (the solute) dissolve into water (the solvent) which creates the finished liquid black coffee product (the solution).
Dissolution in coffee is of paramount importance. Dissolution is the way in which we consume coffee as humans. Combining coffee beans and water allows us to be able to consume coffee in a pleasant, bio-available, and tasty form. Chewing coffee beans is difficult for humans, is not appealing in taste and is overwhelmingly acidic.
The process of dissolving coffee solutes into a coffee solution is known as extraction. Dissolution in coffee varies depending on a number of factors such as brew method, brew time, type of beans, type of roast, grind size, etc.
The total dissolved solids (TDS) in extracted coffee after dissolution is an important factor and metric in a finished coffee product.